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A

ʻaʻano₂.  gram. stative verb. abb. ʻaʻ. (PHG)

akapili.  affix (Perreira)

alelo₁.  n. tongue, language. Also elelo. cf. pelu. [PPN *ʻalelo, tongue]

kūʻau aleloback of the tongue

lau aleloblade of the tongue

mole aleloroot of the tongue

waena alelocentral portion of the tongue

wēlau alelotip of the tongue

alelo [a-le-lo].  s. The tongue, of man or animals. Puk. 11:7; 2 Sam. 23:2. See elelo. s. The tongue; he alelo wana ka ono, he ono ke alelo wana, he okulikuli.

ʻalu.  vs. lax, as articulation, in linguistics. cf. mālō.

woela ʻalulax vowel

ʻami₄.  n. gram. preposition, marker of a grammatical function. (e, i, o, ʻo, ma, me, no...). (PHG)

ʻami ʻaikemarker (ʻo) that introduces a definite identifying (equational) sentence; used in citing a name (NKE)

ʻami ʻākena ʻaʻanocausative/agentive marker for stative verbs (i₁)

ʻami ʻākena ʻiaeactor (agent) marker for passive voice (e₂)

ʻami heavocative marker (e)

ʻami henualocative preposition, in, on, at, by (i, ma) (NKE)

ʻami hoacomitative marker; (me) with; a me: 'and' (NKE)

ʻami hoʻākaakaappositive preposition (ʻo)

ʻami kāhea(e) vocative marker, identifies the individual being spoken to (NKE)

ʻami kuhidirectional preposition (i₁ to)

ʻami kuhilana(i/iā) to (also: in, on, at, by), identifies person, place or thing toward which action is directed (NKE)

ʻami kūmuaablative preposition (mai)

ʻami laukaobject marker (i, iā)

ʻami molesame as ʻami kūmua, ablative preposition (mai)

ʻami nonoʻazero-possessive pronoun (no initial consonant)

ʻami nonoʻa ʻākena iki (kino ʻā)(a) of (NKE)

ʻami nonoʻa iki(a/o) of (NKE)

ʻami nonoʻa ʻōkena iki (kino ʻō)(o) of (NKE)

ʻami pikosubject marker (ʻo); identifies individual being talked about (NKE)

ana [a-na].  pron. The oblique case of the pronoun, third person sing.; of him; of her; of it; his; hers. Gram. § 139. Auipili.

analula [ana·lula].  n. pattern, as a word or sentence pattern in Hawaiian grammar. cf. lauana.

puke aʻo analulapattern book, as for teaching grammatical patterns in reading

ʻapo kani kākau [ʻapo kani kā·kau].  n. phonics. lit., catch written sounds.

aʻu.  pron. So written for aau, one a dropped and the apostrophe supplied. It is the auipili. one of the oblique cases of au, I. See Gram. § 124. Of me; mine. There is a sensible break in the pronunciation, to distinguish it from au. the 1st person, and from au, of the 2d person next below.

au.  pron. With a more protracted, smooth pronunciation than the foregoing, one of the auipili cases of the 2d per, sing. of oe. Gram. § 132. Thine; of thee.

ʻaui₃.  nvi. declension, case; to name declensions or conjugations (term devised by Andrews based on Latin declinare, to turn aside); never used extensively and not entered in (Hitchcock).

hōʻauito conjugate, decline

ka hōʻaui ʻanadeclension, conjugation

aui [au-i].  The name for case in grammar. Gram. § 99.

ʻaui alo.  n. var. spelling of ʻauialo, accusative case. lit.., front case.

ʻauialo, ʻaui alo [ʻaui·alo].  n. accusative case. lit.., front case.

ʻaui hea.  n. var. spelling of ʻauihea, vocative case. lit.., calling case.

ʻauihea, ʻaui hea [ʻaui·hea].  n. vocative case. lit.., calling case.

ʻauihele [ʻaui·hele].  n. case denoting separation, as shown by mai, from, ablative.

ʻaui hui.  n. var. spelling of ʻauihui, case denoting association. lit.., joined case; ablative PHG.

ʻauihui, ʻaui hui [ʻaui·hui].  n. case denoting association. lit.., joined case; ablative (PHG).

ʻauiʻia.  n. agentive case.

ʻaui iki.  n. var. spelling of ʻauiiki, genitive or possessive case.

ʻauiiki, ʻaui iki [ʻaui·iki].  n. genitive or possessive case.

ʻaui kōhai.  n. var. spelling of ʻauikōhaʻi, possessive case. lit.., case belonging to someone else.

ʻauikōhaʻi, ʻaui kōhai [ʻaui·kō·haʻi].  n. possessive case. lit.., case belonging to someone else.

ʻaui kumu.  n. var. spelling of ʻauikumu, nominative case.

ʻauikumu, ʻaui kumu [ʻaui·kumu].  n. nominative case.

ʻaui moe.  n. var. spelling of ʻauimoe, locative case.

ʻauimoe, ʻaui moe [ʻaui·moe].  n. locative case.

ʻaui paʻewa.  n. var. spelling of ʻauipaʻewa, dative case.

ʻauipaʻewa, ʻaui paʻewa [ʻaui·paʻewa].  n. dative case.

ʻaui pili.  n. var. spelling of ʻauipili, possessive case; genitive PHG.

ʻauipili, ʻaui pili [ʻaui·pili].  n. possessive case; genitive (PHG).

ʻauipili laulāo-form of the possessive

ʻauipili paʻaa-form of the possessive

ʻaui pili hui.  n. gram. preposed possessive case (genitive). (PHG)

aupana [au·pana].  n. rhythm, in linguistics. cf. papana.
 

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E

ʻēpaʻa.  n. see kikino ʻēpaʻa, count noun (NKE)
 

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H

haʻahaʻa [haʻa·haʻa].  see woela haʻahaʻa, low vowel, in linguistics...

haʻakoʻikoʻi.  rhetorically complex (vocabulary, grammar, elan, often highly poetic and metaphoric in content) (Perreira)

haʻapili [haʻa·pili].  vt. to apply, as to put to practical use.

kālaiʻālelo haʻapili ʻiaapplied linguistics

hahī.  n. fricative, in lingustics. onomatopoeia

haʻiʻano.  n. adjective.

haiano [hai-a-no].  s. Grammatical term; hai, to declare, and ano, the meaning or quality. An adjective.

haʻiinoa [haʻi·inoa].  n. noun. lit., name telling.

haiinoa [hai-i-noa].  s. Hai, to declare, and inoa, name. In grammar, the word delcaring the name; a noun or substantive.

haʻiinoa laulā [haʻi·inoa lau·lā].  n. common noun.

haʻiinoa pili kahi [haʻi·inoa pili kahi].  n. proper noun. lit., noun referring to someone or place.

haʻina pili, haʻina pili aku.  n. transitive verb, active verb.

hakina ʻōlelo [hakina ʻō·lelo].  n. portion of a word, syllable.

hakinaolelo [ha-ki-na-o-le-lo].  s. Used for syllable in the music Gamut.

ham.  abbreviation for hamani, transitive verb.

hamani.  transitive verb. abb. ham. (PHG)

heʻeheʻe₃.  n. see kikino heʻeheʻe, mass noun (NKE)

hehele.  intransitive verb. abb. heh. (PHG). (PHG)

heluhelu hoʻoponopono [helu·helu hoʻo·pono·pono].  vt. to proofread.

helu lua.  n. double number; dual number, as in grammar.

henua₂.  gram. locative. see iʻoa henua, pepeke henua, ʻami henua. (PHG)

hoʻēmi woela.  n. vowel reduction, in linguistics. lit., reduce vowels. see pua woela and entries under woela.

honua₆.  milieu; a place or situation particularly suitable to a particular language, form or language, or cultural practice (Perreira)

hoʻokaulihi [hoʻo·kau·lihi].  vt. to justify, as type in printing. cf. hoʻokauwaena, kaulihi.

hoʻokaulihi ʻākauto justify right

hoʻokaulihi hemato justify left

hoʻokaulihi liketo justify full

kaha hoʻokaulihitwo vertical lines written to the left of lines of print to indicate that the left margin should be justified, in proofreading

hoʻokōā [hoʻo·kō·ā]. 

kaha hoʻokaʻahuaa 'straight' z-shaped line written to indicate where two words written as one should be separated, in proofreading

kaha hoʻokōāa 'straight' z-shaped line written to indicate where two words written as one should be separated, in proofreading

ke pihi hoʻokōāspace bar, on typewriter or computer keyboard, variant term. also pihi kaʻahua

hoʻokomo.  vt. to insert, put in, as a disk into a computer.

kaha hoʻokomocaret (^,ˇ), a mark used to show where something is to be inserted, in proofreading

kālā hoʻokomodeposit, as money placed into a bank account

lina hoʻokomoa circle around a period, colon, or semicolon to show that it has been inserted

hoʻomaʻaka [hoʻo·maʻaka].  vt. to capitalize (a letter of the alphabet). see hoʻonaʻinaʻi.

kaha hoʻomaʻakathree lines drawn under a letter to indicate that the letter is to be capitalized, in proofreading

hoʻonaʻinaʻi [hoʻo·naʻi·naʻi].  vt. to change (a letter of the alphabet) from capital to lower case. see hoʻomaʻaka.

kaha hoʻonaʻinaʻia line drawn diagonally through a capital letter to indicate that the letter is to be written in lower case, in proofreading

hoʻoneʻe [hoʻo·neʻe].  vt. to move, as files in computer program.

kaha hoʻoneʻea circle around a word or words with an arrow going from the words to the place where they are to be moved, in proofreading

hope [ho-pe].  adv. Adv. declinable. Gram. § 165, 2 class. Behind; after, &c. See the different cases.

hua.  n. sound segment, in linguistics.

huaaka [hua·aka].  n. palindrome, a word or sentence that reads the same backward as forward. lit., reflection word.

huahakalama [hua·haka·lama].  n. syllabary symbol, in linguistics. see hakalama.

hua hope hāʻule [hua hope hā·ʻule].  n. apocope, in linguistics. lit., drop word ending.

hua komo.  n. epenthetic sound, in linguistics. lit., sound (which) enters.

huakomo [hua·komo].  n. input, as in a computer program. cf. huapuka. see kāhuakomo, to enter or input, as data...

hāmeʻa huakomoinput device, as on a computer

hualekikona.  lexical item < lexicon, Eng.. (Perreira)

hualeo [hua·leo].  n. phoneme, in linguistics lit., language segment. see puana hualeo, puanaleo, allophone...; phone, in linguistics...

hua maʻaka.  n. upper case (capital) letter. cf. hua naʻinaʻi, lower case...

hua naʻinaʻi [hua naʻi·naʻi].  n. lower case (small) letter. cf. hua maʻaka, upper case...

huaʻōlelo manaʻo ʻēkoʻa [hua·ʻō·lelo manaʻo ʻē·koʻa].  n. antonym. lit., word (with) opposite meaning.

huaʻōlelo manaʻo like [hua·ʻō·lelo manaʻo like].  n. synonym. lit., word (with) same meaning.

huaʻōlelo puana like [hua·ʻō·lelo puana like].  n. homonym. lit., word (with) same pronunciation.

huēwoela [huē·woela].  n. diphthong.

huipaʻa [hui·paʻa].  n. syntax.

loina huipaʻarules of syntax

huipū [hui·pū].  n. conjunction (the part of speech).
 

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I

iho.  n. nucleus of a syllable, in linguistics.

ikaiā.  gram. active voice. PGH

ʻinaleo [ʻina·leo].  n. prep. (part of speech). also ʻinawaena. rare. 

inaleo [i-na-le-o].  s. Any word which stands before nouns to limit and direct the sense; in grammar, a preposition.

iʻoa.  proper noun, locative noun, pronoun. (no abbreviation). (PHG)

iʻoa henualocative noun (also henua)

iʻoa maʻulianimate proper noun

iʻoa pakuinanimate proper noun

iʻoa panipronoun (also papani)

iʻoa kuhane.  n. gram. personal name. (NKE)

iwi₈.  central driving thought cf. iwi₁, core (as of a speech)... (Perreira)
 

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K

kaʻahua [kaʻa·hua].  n. space, as between words when typing on a computer or typewriter. cf. kāwā, koana.

kaha kaʻahuaa pound sign (#) used to indicate·that a space should be inserted, in proofreading; a superscript number written next to the symbol indicates the number of spaces if more than one (#²)

ke pihi kaʻahuaspace bar

kahaapo [kaha·apo].  n. circumference, parentheses, brackets. lit., mark embrace.

kahaapo [kaha·apo].  n. parenthesis. see kahaapo kihikihi.

kahaapo paniclose parenthesis

kahaapo weheopen parenthesis

kahaapo [ka-ha-a-po].  s. Kaha, marks, and apo, hoop. LIT. An embracing mark. The circumference; he umi kapuai ke kahaapo o kekahi, ten feet is the circumference of some. In grammer, brackets[ ].

kaha hoʻokaʻahua [kaha hoʻo·kaʻa·hua].  n. a 'straight' z-shaped line written to indicate where two words written as one should be separated, in proofreading. also kaha hoʻokōā. cf. kaha kaʻahua.

kaha hoʻokaulihi [kaha hoʻo·kau·lihi].  n. two vertical lines written to the left of lines of print to indicate that the left margin should be justified, in proofreading. lit., mark (for) justifying.

kaha hoʻokōā [kaha hoʻo·kō·ā].  n. a 'straight' z-shaped line written to indicate where two words written as one should be separated, in proofreading. lit., mark (for) separating by a space. also kaha hoʻokaʻahua. cf. kaha kaʻahua.

kaha hoʻokomo [kaha hoʻo·komo].  n. caret (^,ˇ), a mark used to show where something is to be inserted, in proofreading. lit., mark (for) inserting. cf. lina hoʻokomo.

kaha hoʻokuʻi [kaha hoʻo·kuʻi].  n. a curved line (or lines) linking two letters or words to indicate that the letters or words should be joined, in proofreading. lit., mark (for) connecting.

kaha hoʻolālani [kaha hoʻo·lā·lani].  n. horizontal lines written above and below a word or words to indicate that they should be written or printed straight, in proofreading. lit., mark (for) placing in rows.

kaha hoʻomaʻaka [kaha hoʻo·maʻaka].  n. three lines drawn under a letter to indicate that the letter is to be capitalized, in proofreading. lit., mark (for) capitalizing. cf. kaha hoʻonaʻinaʻi.

kaha hoʻonaʻinaʻi [kaha hoʻo·naʻi·naʻi].  n. a line drawn diagonally through a capital letter to indicate that the letter is not to be capitalized, in proofreading. lit., mark (for) writing in lower case. cf. kaha hoʻomaʻaka.

kaha hoʻoneʻe [kaha hoʻo·neʻe].  n. a circle around a word or words with an arrow going from the words to the place where they are to be moved, in proofreading. lit., mark (for) moving.

kaha hopu.  n. a line written from the end of one paragraph to the beginning of the next paragraph to indicate that the two paragraphs should be combined, in proofreading. lit., mark (for) grasping.

kaha kaʻahua [kaha kaʻa·hua].  n. a pound sign (#) used to indicate that a space should be inserted, in proofreading; a superscript number written next to the symbol indicates the number of spaces if more than one (#²). lit., space mark. cf. kaha hoʻokaʻahua.

kaha kāpae [kaha kā·pae].  n. a line used to indicate that something is to be deleted, in proofreading. lit., mark (for) deleting.

kahakō₂ [kaha·kō].  n. macron (the line used over vowels to indicate longer sound duration).

kaha kuapo.  n. a curved line written over a word or letter and then under the adjoining word or letter to indicate that the order of the words or letters should be reversed, in proofreading. lit., mark (for) exchanging.

kaha kuhi.  n. reference mark in writing or printing to direct attention, as asterisk, dagger, arrow, blaze.

kahakuhi [ka-ha-ku-hi].  s. Kaha, mark, and kuhi, to point out. In grammar, any letter, mark or character directing the reader to the margin or bottom of the page.

kaha lalo.  nvi. underscore, underline.

kahalalo [kaha·lalo].  vt. to underline. cf. kahalina, kahapeʻa, kahawaena.

E kahalalo i kēia lālani kikokikona.Underline this line of text.

kaha maha.  n. dash (punctuation mark). lit., mark to rest.

kaha maha.  n. dash, in punctuation. cf. kaha moe.

kahamoe.  n. var. spelling of kaha moe, hyphen. lit., horizontal mark.

kaha moe, kahamoe.  n. hyphen. lit., horizontal mark.

kaha moe.  n. hyphen; to hyphenate. cf. kaha maha.

E kaha moe i ka huaʻōlelo i loaʻa ai ke kaha moe ma hope o ka huapalapala a.Hyphenate the word so that the hyphen appears after the letter a.

kaha ʻokiʻoki [kaha ʻoki·ʻoki].  n. transversal, i.e. a line that intersects two given lines, in math. lit., cutting line. [line indicating that a] change should be made from the original, in proofreading; stet. lit., mark (for) leaving (as is).

kaha peʻa.  n.v. to make a cross or X, especially in black magic (the victim becomes gravely or mortally ill by stepping on or over the mark); to crisscross; a cross or X.

kahapeʻa [kaha·peʻa].  vt. to cross out. cf. kahalina, kahalalo, kahawaena.

kaha pela hewa.  n. a circle around a misspelled word with the letters ph (pela hewa) written above the word, in proofreading. lit., spelling error mark.

kahawaena [kaha·waena].  vt. to strike through or line out, as on a typewriter or computer; also used to indicate that the letters or words lined out are to be deleted and replaced by those written above, in proofreading. cf. kahalalo, kahalina, kahapeʻa.

kaʻi.  n. onset of a syllable, in linguistics. lit., lead.

kaime.  (gram) tense. (NKE12)

kākau₁ [kā·kau].  nvt. to write, sign; to print on tapa; to mark out for distribution, as land (Ios. 18:6, 8) ; writing. (Probably kā-, causative + kau, to place) [PPN *tatau, tattoo]

kākau ʻāpukaforgery

kākau ʻia maiwritten to us (as a report submitted)

kākau ʻoleunwritten

kākau waleto write carelessly, scribble

mea kākauwriter, author

kakau [ka-kau].  v. See kau. To write; to mark with a pen or pencil; to make letters. To write upon; to print or paint on kapa, as in former times; to put down for remembrance. Nah. 33:2. To describe; to mark out; to designate; to divide out into parcels, as land.Ios. 18:6, 8. s. A writing, i. e., anything written. The act of writing; hence, A taking, i.e., writing down the names of persons who are to pay tribute. Luk. 2:1.

kākau kaha [kā·kau kaha].  n.v. to make lines, print, mark, paint, tattoo.

kakaukaha [ka-kau-ka-ha].  v. To print, paint or mark, as on the skin. Oihk. 19:28.

kākou [kā·kou].  pronoun. we (inclusive, three or more). [(NP) PPN *taa-tou, first person inclusive plural pronoun (independent): *(ki)taa-tou]

kā kākou, kō kākouour, ours

kakou [ka-kou].  pers. pron., first person plural. We; spoken of more than two, including the speaker and the persons addressed. Gram. § 124, 125 and 130.

kālai kāpana [kā·lai kā·pana].  vt. to syllabify, cut up into syllables. lit., divide (into) syllables. cf. hoʻokāpana.

kālaileo [kā·lai·leo].  n. phonology, in linguistics.

kālaiʻōlelo [kā·lai·ʻō·lelo].  n. linguistics.

kālele₂ [kā·lele].  n. accent or stress, in linguistics. cf. hoʻokālele, to cause to support; stress...

kāpana₂ [kā·pana].  n. syllable.

kauhope [kau·hope].  back, as applied to vowels (PHG) see woela kauhope, back vowel, in linguistics...

kaumua [kau·mua].  front, as vowels. see woela kaumua.

ke₁.  definite article, same as ka, often translated "the." For use of ke as an alternant of ka, see ka₁. (Gram. 10.2)   [PPN *te, definite article singular]

ke.  def. art. The. See ka, art. This form of the article (ke) is used before all nouns beginning with the letter k. A few nouns beginning with the letter p have ke also for their article, and a still smaller number beginning with the letter m. Nouns whose first letter is a have both ka and ke for their article; that is, some nouns take one and some the other, but no one noun, without a radical change of meaning, takes both forms of the article. Nouns beginning with o, like a, take both forms of the article. Before all other letters, whether vowels or consonants, ka is the form of the article. See Grammar § 59, 60.

kiʻeleo [kiʻe·leo].  n. pitch, in linguistics and music.

kiʻeleo haʻahaʻalow pitch

kiʻeleo kiʻekiʻehigh pitch

kikino.  n. gram. common noun. abb. kik. (PHG)

kikino ʻēpaʻa.  n. gram. count noun, countable noun. e.g., apple, box.(NKE) cf. kikino heʻeheʻe, mass noun

kikino heʻeheʻe.  n. gram. mass noun, uncountable noun. e.g., water, air. (NKE) cf. kikino ʻēpaʻa, count noun

kikowā [kiko·wā].  vs. synchronic, in linguistics. cf. kōāwā, diachronic...

lula kikowāsynchronic rule

kīlikelike [kī·like·like].  n. assimilation, in linguistics.

kino₂.  nvs. person in grammar; personal.

E hana mua i kā ke kino mamua o ka hana ʻana i kō haʻi.Do your personal work first before doing for others.

Hoʻokō kino aku i kēia kono.Personally accept this invitation.

kino koluthird person

kino luasecond person

kino mua, kino kahifirst person

nā mea pili kinopersonal things

kino [ki-no].  A person; an individual; one's self; kuhi oia me kona kino iho, he though with himself. In grammar; person; as, kino kahi, first person; kino lua, &c.

kīʻōkoʻakoʻa [kī·ʻō·koʻa·koʻa].  n. dissimilation, in linguistics.

kōāwā [kō·ā·wā].  vs. diachronic, in lingustics. cf. kikowā, synchronic...

lula kōāwādiachronic rule

kolona₁.  n. colon. Eng.

kolona.  n. colon, in punctuation. see hapa kolona.

kolona [ko-lo-na].  s. Eng. The name of a pause in reading; a colon, thus (:).

koma.  n. comma. Eng.

koma.  also kiko hoʻomaha.

kiko komacomma

koma [ko-ma].  s. Eng. A comma, the shortest pause in reading (,). s. The Hawaiian orthography for tomato, an edible fruit; the Hawaiians generally call the fruit of the tomato ohia.

koma luna.  n. apostrophe, glottal stop. lit., comma (Eng.) above.

koma luna.  n. apostrophe.

komaluna [ko-ma-lu-na].  s. Koma and luna, above. The sign called apostrophe, as ka'u, no'u, ke 'lii, &c., and signifies that a letter has been dropped.

koneka₂.  n. consonant. Eng.

kope paʻi mua.  n. proof, i.e. a final copy to check for errors before printing. lit., proof copy. Also paʻi mua. see kope paʻi mua uliuli.

Loaʻa maila ke kope paʻi mua; e nānā pono i nā hemahema.The proofs have been received; check them thoroughly for mistakes.

kuapo₂.  vt. to swap, exchange, trade. Eng.

kaha kuapoa curved line written over a word or letter and then under the adjoining word or letter to indicate that the order of the words or letters should be reversed, in proofreading

kuhane.  n. see iʻoa kuhane, gram. personal name... (NKE)

kūhoa [kū·hoa].  n. gram. first person inclusive. (NKE) cf. kūnei, kūnā, kūlā. (PHG)

papani kūhoa helulua1st person dual inclusive pronoun; we two, including you (e.g. kāua)

kuʻina hoʻi.  reverse linkage; a verbal link which connects a passage or a line with a previous passage or line (Perreira)

kūkulu māmala [kū·kulu mā·mala].  vt. to phrase, as in written compositions. lit., arrange (sentence) fragments. cf. puana māmala, to phrase see paukūkū, to paragraph...

ʻAno hemahema ke kūkulu māmala ʻana i nā hopunaʻōlelo i loko o kēia paukū.The phrasing of the sentences in this paragraph is rather awkward.

kūlā [kū·lā].  n. gram. third person. cf. kūnei, kūhoa, kūnā. (PHG)

papani kūlā helukahi3rd person singular pronoun; he, she (e.g.ʻo ia)

kūnā [kū·nā].  n. gram. second person. cf. kūnei, kūhoa, kūlā. (PHG)

papani kūnā helunui2nd person plural pronoun; you (more than two) (e.g. ʻoukou)

kūnei [kū·nei].  gram. first person exclusive. (NKE) (PHG)

papani kūnei helulua1st person dual exclusive pronoun; we two, excluding you (e.g. māua)
 

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L

lālelo [lā·lelo].  n. lateral, in linguistics.

lapa niho.  n. alveolar, in linguistics. lit., tooth ridge.

lehelehe [lehe·lehe].  n. labial, in linguistics. lit., lips. see pena lehelehe, ʻumiʻumi lehelehe.

leo.  n. voice, as in linguistics. see palapala leo.

leokani [leo·kani].  n. vowel. lit., voiced sound.

leokanipū [leo·kani·pū].  n. consonant. lit., sound said together [so called because a consonant in Hawaiian is pronounced with a following vowel].

lepe unuhi.  n. subtitle. lit., translation hem.

limahakahaka [lima·haka·haka].  n. print, as in handwriting. lit., space hand. cf. limahiō. see kākau pākahikahi.

E kākau limahakahaka ʻoe i kēia mau huaʻōlelo.Print these words.

lina hoʻokomo [lina hoʻo·komo].  n. a circle around a period, colon, or semicolon to show that it has been inserted, in proofreading. lit., ring (for) inserting. cf. kaha hoʻokomo.

loihape [loi·hape].  vt. to proofread. lit., scrutinize (for) inaccuracies.

-lua₂.  dual number in pronouns and possessives, as ʻolua, kāua, māua. PPN *-rua, PNP *-lua.
 

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M

maʻaka.  vs. upper case, capital. cf. naʻinaʻi. see hua maʻaka. Rarotongan, big.

makaʻala maʻakacase sensitive, as in a computer program

mālō [mā·lō].  vs. tense, as articulation, in linguistics. cf. ʻalu.

woela mālōtense vowel

māmalaʻōlelo [mā·malaʻō·lelo].  n. sentence, clause, phrase. lit., speech fragment.

māmalaʻōlelo [mā·mala·ʻō·lelo].  n. phrase, in literary or general use. cf. lālā.

manā.  vs. nasal, in linguistics. onomatopoeia.

maʻuli.  see iʻoa maʻuli, animate proper noun. (PHG)

mikolololehua₂ [miko·lolo·lehua].  vt. fluid and flowery high register of language (Perreira)

mōkio [mō·kio].  vs. rounded, in linguistics.

woela mōkiorounded vowel

molekumu [mole·kumu].  n. root, source, derivation, or origin, as the etymology of a word. cf. kūmole.

muli.  n. coda of a syllable, in linguistics. lit., last.
 

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N

naʻinaʻi₆ [naʻi·naʻi].  vs. lower case, small. cf. maʻaka, upper case, capital... see hua naʻinaʻi, lower case (small) letter... Tah. small.

niho.  n. dental, in linguistics.

nioe.  n. tone, in linguistics, as relating to Chinese or Navaho languages.
 

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O

ʻokina₂.  glottal stop.

ʻōlali [ʻō·lali].  n. glide, in linguistics.

ʻōlelo [ʻō·lelo].  n. language; statement.

aʻo kahua ʻōlelolanguage-based learning

makakau ʻōlelolanguage awareness

ʻōlelo ala nuʻukiamission statement

ʻōlelo nuʻukiavision statement

ʻōlelo haʻakoʻikoʻi [ʻō·lelo haʻa·koʻi·koʻi].  vs. formal language or speech, as used in school or church. cf. ʻōlelo kauhale, informal language or speech...

ʻōlelo kauhale [ʻō·lelo kau·hale].  vs. informal language or speech, as used at home or with friends. lit., home language. cf. ʻōlelo haʻakoʻikoʻi, formal language or speech...

ʻōlelo kuhi lima [ʻō·lelo kuhi lima].  n. sign language. lit., hand-gesture language. see kuhi lima, hand gesture...

ʻōlelo pōkole.  n. short expression, phrase. (PHG)

ʻonunuʻu.  register of language (Perreira)
 

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P

paewa [pa-e-wa].  s. Name of one of the cases in Hawaiian grammar. See Gram. § 99 and 100. No and na are its signs.

painu.  n. gram. verb, or any word used as a verb. māka painu, verb marker. see pepeke painu. (PHG)

pākuʻina₁ [pā·kuʻina].  n. affix, in grammar; appendix, as in a book.

pākuʻina kau hopesuffix

pākuʻina kau lokoinfix

pākuʻina kau muaprefix

palaku.  n. palate, in linguistics. Eng.

palaku iwihard palate

palaku kīleosoft palate

palaualea [palaua·lea].  n. slang.

pana.  n. beat, as in music or linguistics; pulse.

helu pana puʻuwaiheart rate, pulse rate

puʻuwai pana ʻewaʻewacardiac arrythmia

paniinoa [pani·inoa].  n. pronoun. lit., name substitute.

paniinoa huli ʻauikumu [pani·inoa huli ʻaui·kumu].  n. reflexive pronoun (a concept not used in present-day Hawaiian grammars). lit., pronoun reverting to the subject case.

paniinoa kālele manaʻo [pani·inoa kā·lele manaʻo].  n. emphatic pronoun (a rarely used concept). lit., pronoun that supports thought.

paniinoa kuhikuhi [pani·inoa kuhi·kuhi].  n. demonstrative pronoun. lit., directing pronoun. see kuhikuhi₁, to show, demonstrate, designate...

paniinoa kuhi laulā [pani·inoa kuhi lau·lā].  n. indefinite pronoun (a rarely used concept), lit., pronoun pointing widely.

paniinoa ninaninau [pani·inoa nina·ninau].  n. interrogative pronoun.

paniinoa pelu hope [pani·inoa pelu hope].  n. reflexive pronoun. lit., pronoun folded back.

paniinoa pilikino [pani·inoa pili·kino].  n. personal pronoun.

panoko.  n. metathesis, i.e. transposition of letters, syllables, or sounds in a word: e.g., hāʻukeʻuke/hākuʻekuʻe. Rapanui.

papani₂.  n. gram. pronoun. (au, wau, aʻu, ʻoe, ia...) see also iʻoa pani. (PHG)

papa ʻōlelo.  n. word list, vocabulary list. (PHG)

paukū [pau·kū].  n. paragraph. see paukūkū, to paragraph, as in written compositions...

paukū kālele [pau·kū kā·lele].  n. accent unit or measure, in linguistics. lit., stress section.

pela hewa. 

kaha pela hewaa circle around a misspelled word with the letters ph (pela hewa) written above the word, in proofreading

pepeke₁.  n. grammatical sentence or clause. see entries below.

pepeke₂.  n. gram. the name of a system to describe Hawaiian, developed by Kamanā and Wilson (Na Kai Ewalu (NKE), 1990,1991, 2012). In this approach the pepeke is a metaphor that features the body of an octopus (PPN feke), with three essential parts: the po'o head, ʻawe tentacles, and the place where the poʻo and ʻawe meet, the piko. "These parts correspond to the grammatical categories of predicate (poʻo), subject (piko), and object/adjunct (ʻawe)." ... In most respects these three terms correspond to comment-topic-complements. (PHG)

pepeke ʻaike.  n. gram. equational sentence. see ʻaike, equational... (NKE)

pepeke haku.  n. main clause, in grammar. lit., master pepeke.

pepeke ʻōhua [pepeke ʻō·hua].  n. dependent clause, in grammar. lit., dependent pepeke.

pepeke painu.  n. gram. sentence with a verb, either active or stative. (PHG)

pili ʻana wā anō [pili ʻana wā a·nō].  n. gram. present participle.

pili ʻana wā hala.  n. gram. past participle.

pilimua [pili·mua].  n. gram. article, the part of speech: ke, ka, he, nā.

pilimua maopopodefinite article

pilimua maopopo ʻoleindefinite article

pilimua [pi-li-mu-a].  s. Pili and mua, before. In grammar, an article from its position with the noun; a late coined word.

pilinaʻōlelo [pilina·ʻō·lelo].  n. grammar.

haʻawina pilinaʻōlelogrammar lesson, a lesson related to sentence structure

mākau pilinaʻōlelogrammar or sentence-structure skill

pohā.  n. stop, in linguistics.

pōhahī [pō·hahī].  n. affricate, in linguistics. onomatopoeia.

poʻo₄.  n. gram. within the pepeke system, the part of the sentence that occurs first. In basic sentences, it corresponds to the comment or predicate. "Usually a verbal phrase but also including aia, also he + memeʻa, ʻaʻohe, and numbers" (for pepeke aike). see pepeke. (PHG)

poʻo hou.  n. Paragraph symbol (¶), in proofreading (preceded by ke).

pualono [pua·lono].  n. accent, in speech.

pualono ʻēforeign accent

puana hualeo [puana hua·leo].  n. allophone, in linguistics. lit., pronunciation (of) phoneme. see hualeo.

puanaʻī₂ [puana·ʻī].  n. quotation; to quote (someone or something). see kaha puanaʻī.

puanaleo [puana·leo].  vt. phone, in linguistics. lit., pronounce sound.

puana māmala [puana mā·mala].  vt. to phrase, as in speaking or reading orally. lit., (sentence) fragment pronunciation. cf. kūkulu māmala.

No ka puana māmala maikaʻi ma ka ʻōlela Hawaiʻi, pono e maha ka leo ma hope wale nō o kekahi poke.For good phrasing in Hawaiian, one must pause only after a poke.

pua woela.  n. vowel quality, in linguistics. lit., speak vowel. see hoʻēmi woela and entries under woela.

puke aʻo analula [puke aʻo ana·lula].  n. pattern book, as for teaching grammatical patterns in reading. lit., book (for) teaching patterns.
 

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U

ukali haʻiʻano.  n. adjective complement.

ukali haʻiinoa [ukali haʻi·inoa].  n. noun complement.
 

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W

wā₂.  n. tense, in grammar. cf. wā ʻānō.

wā e hiki mai anafuture tense

wā i halapast tense

wa.  In grammar, a tense.

wā hala.  n. past tense.

waiho.  vt. to leave as is, no change, as in a computer program.

kaha waihoa series of dots written under a word or words which have been lined out to show that no change should be made from the original, in proof-reading; stet

woela.  n. vowel, in linguistics. see hoʻēmi woela, pua woela. Eng.

woela ʻalu.  n. lax vowel, in linguistics. lit., slackened vowel.

woela emi.  n. reduced vowel, in linguistics.

woela haʻahaʻa [woela haʻa·haʻa].  n. low vowel, in linguistics.

woela kauhope [woela kau·hope].  n. back vowel, in linguistics.

woela kaumua [woela kau·mua].  n. front vowel, in linguistics.

woela kauwaena [woela kau·waena].  n. central vowel, in linguistics.

woela kiʻekiʻe [woela kiʻe·kiʻe].  n. high vowel, in linguistics.

woela mālō [woela mā·lō].  n. tense vowel, in linguistics. lit., taut vowel.

woela mōkio [woela mō·kio].  n. rounded vowel, in linguistics. lit., pucker vowel.