updated: 2/27/2026
The earliest Hawaiian word lists
Santeliz es Pablo's List
(1791)
| Three 1791 lists including Hawaiian are attributed to Santeliz es Pablo. We know little about the provenance of these lists except the signature, (Juan Eugenio Santeliz es Pablo), place (Mexico [City]), and date (16 March 1791) at the end of a three-page letter introducing the glossaries. Each list is arranged alphabetically according to the Spanish gloss, and two of them also include Nootka and "Mexican" words. adapted from Albert J. Schütz, "Voices of Eden" p. 37. |
analyzed and annotated by Albert J. Schütz
click on column heading to sort
| num. | list word | modern Hawaiian | list gloss | Castellano | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 73. | ___ | ___ | hanapino (?) | hablar ?contar | |
| 166. | ___ | ___ | xanira | tierra uana | |
| 6. | abatea | ___ | now | ahora | |
| 96. | abobo | ʻapōpō | tomorrow | mañana | |
| 172. | aetiri | hekili | thunder | trueno | |
| 188. | aeva | ʻeiwa | nine | nueve | |
| 158. | agei | ʻae | yes | si | |
| 183. | aha | ʻehā | four | quatro | |
| 186. | ahitu | ʻehiku | seven | siete | |
| 213. | anexu | ___ | seventy | setenta | |
| 53. | ano | ʻānō ('now, present') | today | de hoy | |
| 185. | aono | ʻeono | six | seis | |
| 14. | aquae | ___ | beard | barba | |
| 162. | arapi | alapiʻi | rise | subir | |
| 26. | aremoe | ? wahi moe | bed | cama | |
| 184. | arima | ʻelima | five | cinco | |
| 187. | arite | ? ʻewlau | eight | ocho | |
| 181. | arua | ʻelua | two | dos | |
| 149. | ata | ʻaka | laugh | reir | |
| 180. | atage | ʻekahi | one | uno | |
| 182. | atoro | ʻekolu | three | tres | |
| 78. | axo | aho | thread | hilo | |
| 41. | ay | ʻai | eat | comer | |
| 133. | digidigi | lihilihi | eyelashes | pestañas | |
| 156. | em…ri | ? he male ('phlegm, mucus') | saliva from lungs or throat' | saliva | |
| 39. | enani | he lani | sky | cielo | |
| 122. | enanu | he nanu | waves | olas del mar | |
| 142. | eppa | ? ipu | dish | plato | |
| 175. | erapera | ___ | ___ | vete | |
| 137. | eya | ___ | ___ | pezcado | |
| 126. | guagie | ___ | wood | palo | |
| 111. | guagine | ? kuahine ka wahine | woman | muger (mujer) | |
| 46. | hahi | ʻāʻī | neck | cuello | |
| 10. | hamiamia | ___ | rainbow | arco-iris | |
| 64. | hanihani | aniani | mirror | espejo | |
| 34. | hare | hale | house | casa | |
| 164. | haruru | ___ | trembling of hands | temblor de manos | |
| 152. | hatata | hakakā | quarrel | reñir | |
| 82. | hauha | ? haehae | to bark | ladrar | |
| 168. | hauhaxu | ___ | ___ | tocer | |
| 70. | heagi | he ahi | fire | fuego | |
| 119. | hegiatapu | ___ | red clouds | nubes roxas (rojas) | |
| 125. | hemanu | he manu | duck | pato | |
| 130. | heojo | he oho | hair | pelo | |
| 160. | hera | he lā | sun | sol | |
| 68. | heray | he lae | forehead | frente | |
| 86. | herero | elelo | tongue | lengua | |
| 110. | heroxa | ___ | mute | mudo | |
| 4. | hetay | he kai | sea water | agua del mar | |
| 146. | hettui | he kuʻi (? papa kuʻi) | jaws | quijadar | |
| 91. | heuha | he ua | to rain [rain] | llover | |
| 150. | heuhina | ___ | quick person | relanpago (?) | |
| 90. | heuve (?) | __auē | weep | llorar | |
| 3. | hevay [heway] | he wai | drinking water [water] | agua pana beber | |
| 56. | hexa | ʻeha | grief | dolor | |
| 30. | hexura | he hula | sing | cantar | |
| 84. | heyge | ? ihe | spear | lanza | |
| 114. | heyxu | he ihu | nose | nariz | |
| 15. | hijomay | ___ | ___ | ba_ar | |
| 20. | himi | ʻimi | seek | buscar | |
| 54. | hinehiney | i nehinei | yesterday | de ayer | |
| 7. | hinhina | ___ | threaten | amenazar | |
| 16. | hinu | inu | drink | beber | |
| 35. | hipu | ipu (ʻgourd') | box | caja (caxa) | |
| 31. | hiri | ___ | captain | capitan | |
| 132. | hirio | ʻīlio | dog | perro | |
| 109. | hitiriti | ___ | of ten and ___ years | de diez, y _eir años | |
| 108. | hititi | ___ | of seven years | de siete años | |
| 49. | hoavi | hāʻawi_____ | give | dar alguno? | |
| 169. | hoavi | hōʻawe ('carry') | take | toma | |
| 121. | honogi | ōnohi | eyes | ojos | |
| 45. | hoopa | ___ | ___ | cojo (coxo) | |
| 177. | hopu | ʻōpū | belly | vientre | |
| 147. | hotehupe | ___ | remove the mucus | quitarse los mocos | |
| 112. | huja | ʻūhā | thighs | muslos | |
| 145. | humahuma | ___ | breasts | pechos | |
| 189. | humi | ʻumi | ten | diez | |
| 131. | humihumi | ʻumiʻumi | beard-hair | pelo de la barba | |
| 167. | hupa | ʻūpā | scissors | tixeras (tijeras) | |
| 104. | hupe | hūpē | mucus | mocos | |
| 100. | ite | ʻike | understand | me entiender? | |
| 42. | ite? | ___ | ___ | como se uama esto? | |
| 80. | lexu | ? lehu ('ashes') | ___ | inchazon (?) | |
| 93. | magina | mahina | moon | luna | |
| 153. | mahona | māʻona | sated | repelto | |
| 92. | maimai | ___ | now, or from here [yet little] | luego, o de aqui aun poco | |
| 128. | manaro | ___ | ask __something | pedir alg__ cosa | |
| 77. | matagiogu | ___ | son | hijo | |
| 176. | matani | makani | wind | viento | |
| 38. | matapo | makapō | blind | ciego | |
| 9. | matau | makau | fishhook | anzuelo | |
| 60. | mate | make | sick | enfermo | |
| 94. | matuagine | makuahine | mother | madre | |
| 124. | matuatana | makuakāne | father | padre | |
| 75. | maxana | māhana | twins | hermano | |
| 141. | maya | maiʻa | bananas | platanos | |
| 51. | mayau | maiʻao (ʻfingernail') | fingers | dedos | |
| 178. | mayau | maiʻao | finger-nails | vñas (uñas) | |
| 19. | maytay | maikaʻi | good | bueno | |
| 48. | memere | memele | dance | danzar | |
| 25. | mexana | mahana (ʻwarm') | heat | calor | |
| 71. | moa | moa | hen | gallina | |
| 24. | moe | ___ | street | calle | |
| 58. | moe | moe | sleep | dormir | |
| 134. | moena | moena | sleeping mat | petate, o estera [petate] | |
| 13. | motu | moku | boat | barco | |
| 129. | motumotu | mokumoku | fight with stick [fight] | pelear con palo [pelear] | |
| 98. | mumuku | mumuku | maimed | manco | |
| 173. | namatexa | ? makapaʻa | blind in one eye | tuerto | |
| 103. | nani | nānā | look | mirar | |
| 57. | nanuru | nanulu | headache | dolor de cabeza | |
| 170. | naya | ___ | tunny, dolphin | tonina | |
| 215. | nayti | ___ | ninety | noventa | |
| 21. | nimanima | limalima (ʻhandle') | arms | brazos | |
| 40. | niu | niu | coconut | coco | |
| 55. | nixo | niho | teeth [tooth] | dientese [diente] | |
| 67. | noho | noho | be seated | estar sentado | |
| 148. | nonoy | ___ | give | regalar | |
| 87. | noxorogu | ___ | raise | levantar_e | |
| 74. | nuy nuy orero | nuinui ʻōlelo | talkative | hablador na__zes | |
| 23. | ojo | oho | hairs | cabellos | |
| 72. | orero | ʻōlelo | speak | hablar | |
| 62. | ororo | hoʻolono | listen | escuchar | |
| 2. | otere | ? __kili | open the door | abrir la puertta | |
| 212. | pagia | ___ | sixty | sesenta | |
| 36. | papani | papani | close | cerrar | |
| 32. | papanina | papālina (ʻcheek') | face | cara | |
| 33. | papanina | papālina | cheeks | carrillos | |
| 101. | papanina | papālina | cheeks | mexillas (mejillas) | |
| 113. | papatore | pāpākole | buttocks | nalgas | |
| 211. | patera | ___ | fifty | cincuenta | |
| 117. | pau | pau | no | no | |
| 135. | pauhege | ___ | dyed mat | petate pintado | |
| 97. | pe…gi | ? peahi ('wave, signal') | hands | manos | |
| 89. | peagi | ? peahi ('wave, signal') | call to someone | llamar a alguno | |
| 99. | peppegi | pepehi ('beat') | kill | matar | |
| 151. | peruperu | ___ | paddle, struggle | remar | |
| 179. | peynua | ___ | vomit | vomitar | |
| 174. | pimay | piʻi mai | come here | ven aca | |
| 76. | pirau | pilau | stink | hedor | |
| 11. | pitani__a | ___ | ___ | arribo_ | |
| 1. | pitatano | ___ | under | abajo | |
| 22. | po | poʻo | head | cabeza | |
| 118. | poexe | pō ___ | night | noche | |
| 216. | poina | ___ | hundred | ciento | |
| 123. | popoyau | pepeiao | ears | orejas | |
| 116. | poxina | pōhina | fog | neblina | |
| 144. | pua | puaʻa | pig | puerco | |
| 138. | puatu | pōhaku | stone | piedra | |
| 88. | pugu | ___ | sore | llaga | |
| 18. | puja | pūhā | yawn | bostezo* | |
| |||||
| 115. | punia `head eold' | ___ | punia | nariz embromada | |
| 95. | punipuni | punipuni ('lie, cheat') | bad | malo | |
| 214. | rau (suavelar) | ___ | eighty | ochenta | |
| 17. | regerege [regerege lavios] | lehelehe? | mouth | boca | |
| 81. | reperepe | ___ | ___ | la_ios | |
| 28. | roa | ___ | canoe | canoa | |
| 59. | roa | loaʻa | find something lost | encontrnar lo perdido | |
| 198. | sumamaˆte | (ʻumi kumamāiwa) | nineteen | diez, y nueve | |
| 193. | sumamaha | (ʻumi) kumamāhā | fourteen | catorce | |
| 196. | sumamahitu | (ʻumi) kumamāhiku | seventeen | diez, y siete | |
| 199. | sumamahumi | ___ | twenty | viente | |
| 195. | sumamaono | (ʻumi) kumamāono | sixteen | diez, y seis | |
| 194. | sumamarima | (ʻumi) kumamālima | fifteen | quinze (quince) | |
| 197. | sumamarite | (ʻumi kumamāwalu) | eighteen | diez, y ocho | |
| 191. | sumamarua | (ʻumi) kumamālua | twelve | doce | |
| 190. | sumamat…ge | (ʻumi) kumamākahi | eleven | onze (once) | |
| 192. | sumamatoro | (ʻumi) kumamākolu | thirteen | trece | |
| 203. | tanaha | (kanahā '40') | twenty-four | viente, y quatro | |
| 209. | tanahumi | ___ | thirty | treinta | |
| 206. | tanaitu | (kanahiku '70') | twenty-seven | viente, y viete | |
| 208. | tanaiva | (kanaiwa '90') | twenty-nine | viente, y nuebe | |
| 205. | tanaono | (kanaono '60') | twenty-six | viente, y seis | |
| 204. | tanarima | (kanalima '50') | twenty-five | viente, y cinco | |
| 207. | tanarite | ___ | twenty-eight | viente, y ocho | |
| 201. | tanarua | ___ | twenty-two | viente, y dos | |
| 200. | tanat ge | ___ | twenty-one | viente, y uno | |
| 79. | tanata | kanaka | person | hombre | |
| 202. | tanatoro | (kanakolu '30') | twenty-three | viente, y tres | |
| 140. | taquay | ___ | feet | pies | |
| 43. | taray | ? kālai | cut | cortar | |
| 85. | tata | kaka (ʻrinse, clean') | wash | lavar | |
| 52. | tataeta (?) | ? kakahiaka (ʻmorning') | day | dia | |
| 61. | tatau | kākau | write (perhaps paint) [ write] | escribir (quiza pintar) [ escribir] | |
| 47. | taura | kaula | rope | cuerda | |
| 107. | theytyi | ? keiki | boy ____ | muchacho de____ | |
| 27. | too? | kō | sugarcane | caña dulce | |
| 210. | totoa | ___ | forty | zuarenta (c-) | |
| 69. | totoe | koʻekoʻe | cold | frio | |
| 12. | toxora | koholā | whale | ballena | |
| 66. | tu | kū | be stopping | estar parado | |
| 136. | tu | ___ | ___ | pexcado | |
| 105. | tuagivi | kuahiwi | mountain | monte | |
| 37. | tuemata | kuʻemaka | eyebrows | cejas (cexax) | |
| 127. | tugitugi | ___ | paper, or thin fabric | papel, o ropa delgado de _______ | |
| 44. | tuj | kuʻi | sew | coser | |
| 63. | tuja | kuha | spit | escupir | |
| 106. | tupapau | kupapaʻu ('corpse') | die | morir | |
| 155. | turituri | kulikuli (foreigner talk?) | knees | rodillas | |
| 65. | tutue | kukuli | be kneeling (?) | estar arro-dillado | |
| 139. | vavay | wāwae | legs | piernas | |
| 154. | vaytage | ? wai kahe ('flowing water') | river | rio | |
| 102. | veriveri | weliweli | fear | miedo | |
| 120. | xeau | ? he ao | white clouds | nubes blancas | |
| 163. | xerara | ___ | stutter | tartamudo | |
| 8. | xere | hele | walk | andar | |
| 29. | xoe | hoe | paddle or oar | canalete, o Remo | |
| 159. | xoe | ___ | ___ | silvar | |
| 157. | xo-haru | ___ | ___ | sentarse (?) | |
| 50. | xomai | hō mai | ___ | da__e | |
| 161. | xonono | ___ | deaf | sordo | |
| 171. | xonu | honu | turtle | tortuga | |
| 5. | xou | ? hao | needle | aguja | |
| 83. | xuna | ? huna (ʻhidden') | thief | ladron | |
| 143. | xuxumanu | hulu manu | feather | pluma | |
| 165. | yuta | i uka | earth | tierra | |
REFERENCES
|