updated: 2/27/2026
The earliest Hawaiian word lists
Santeliz es Pablo's List
(1791)
| Three 1791 lists including Hawaiian are attributed to Santeliz es Pablo. We know little about the provenance of these lists except the signature, (Juan Eugenio Santeliz es Pablo), place (Mexico [City]), and date (16 March 1791) at the end of a three-page letter introducing the glossaries. Each list is arranged alphabetically according to the Spanish gloss, and two of them also include Nootka and "Mexican" words. adapted from Albert J. Schütz, "Voices of Eden" p. 37. |
analyzed and annotated by Albert J. Schütz
click on column heading to sort
| num. | list word | modern Hawaiian | list gloss | Castellano | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11. | pitani__a | ___ | ___ | arribo_ | |
| 15. | hijomay | ___ | ___ | ba_ar | |
| 42. | ite? | ___ | ___ | como se uama esto? | |
| 45. | hoopa | ___ | ___ | cojo (coxo) | |
| 50. | xomai | hō mai | ___ | da__e | |
| 136. | tu | ___ | ___ | pexcado | |
| 137. | eya | ___ | ___ | pezcado | |
| 157. | xo-haru | ___ | ___ | sentarse (?) | |
| 159. | xoe | ___ | ___ | silvar | |
| 168. | hauhaxu | ___ | ___ | tocer | |
| 175. | erapera | ___ | ___ | vete | |
| 80. | lexu | ? lehu ('ashes') | ___ | inchazon (?) | |
| 21. | nimanima | limalima (ʻhandle') | arms | brazos | |
| 128. | manaro | ___ | ask __something | pedir alg__ cosa | |
| 95. | punipuni | punipuni ('lie, cheat') | bad | malo | |
| 141. | maya | maiʻa | bananas | platanos | |
| 14. | aquae | ___ | beard | barba | |
| 131. | humihumi | ʻumiʻumi | beard-hair | pelo de la barba | |
| 26. | aremoe | ? wahi moe | bed | cama | |
| 177. | hopu | ʻōpū | belly | vientre | |
| 38. | matapo | makapō | blind | ciego | |
| 173. | namatexa | ? makapaʻa | blind in one eye | tuerto | |
| 13. | motu | moku | boat | barco | |
| 35. | hipu | ipu (ʻgourd') | box | caja (caxa) | |
| 107. | theytyi | ? keiki | boy ____ | muchacho de____ | |
| 145. | humahuma | ___ | breasts | pechos | |
| 113. | papatore | pāpākole | buttocks | nalgas | |
| 89. | peagi | ? peahi ('wave, signal') | call to someone | llamar a alguno | |
| 28. | roa | ___ | canoe | canoa | |
| 31. | hiri | ___ | captain | capitan | |
| 33. | papanina | papālina | cheeks | carrillos | |
| 101. | papanina | papālina | cheeks | mexillas (mejillas) | |
| 36. | papani | papani | close | cerrar | |
| 119. | hegiatapu | ___ | red clouds | nubes roxas (rojas) | |
| 120. | xeau | ? he ao | white clouds | nubes blancas | |
| 40. | niu | niu | coconut | coco | |
| 69. | totoe | koʻekoʻe | cold | frio | |
| 174. | pimay | piʻi mai | come here | ven aca | |
| 43. | taray | ? kālai | cut | cortar | |
| 48. | memere | memele | dance | danzar | |
| 52. | tataeta (?) | ? kakahiaka (ʻmorning') | day | dia | |
| 161. | xonono | ___ | deaf | sordo | |
| 106. | tupapau | kupapaʻu ('corpse') | die | morir | |
| 142. | eppa | ? ipu | dish | plato | |
| 132. | hirio | ʻīlio | dog | perro | |
| 170. | naya | ___ | tunny, dolphin | tonina | |
| 16. | hinu | inu | drink | beber | |
| 125. | hemanu | he manu | duck | pato | |
| 123. | popoyau | pepeiao | ears | orejas | |
| 165. | yuta | i uka | earth | tierra | |
| 41. | ay | ʻai | eat | comer | |
| 187. | arite | ? ʻewlau | eight | ocho | |
| 197. | sumamarite | (ʻumi kumamāwalu) | eighteen | diez, y ocho | |
| 214. | rau (suavelar) | ___ | eighty | ochenta | |
| 190. | sumamat…ge | (ʻumi) kumamākahi | eleven | onze (once) | |
| 37. | tuemata | kuʻemaka | eyebrows | cejas (cexax) | |
| 133. | digidigi | lihilihi | eyelashes | pestañas | |
| 121. | honogi | ōnohi | eyes | ojos | |
| 32. | papanina | papālina (ʻcheek') | face | cara | |
| 124. | matuatana | makuakāne | father | padre | |
| 102. | veriveri | weliweli | fear | miedo | |
| 143. | xuxumanu | hulu manu | feather | pluma | |
| 140. | taquay | ___ | feet | pies | |
| 194. | sumamarima | (ʻumi) kumamālima | fifteen | quinze (quince) | |
| 211. | patera | ___ | fifty | cincuenta | |
| 129. | motumotu | mokumoku | fight with stick [fight] | pelear con palo [pelear] | |
| 59. | roa | loaʻa | find something lost | encontrnar lo perdido | |
| 178. | mayau | maiʻao | finger-nails | vñas (uñas) | |
| 51. | mayau | maiʻao (ʻfingernail') | fingers | dedos | |
| 70. | heagi | he ahi | fire | fuego | |
| 9. | matau | makau | fishhook | anzuelo | |
| 184. | arima | ʻelima | five | cinco | |
| 116. | poxina | pōhina | fog | neblina | |
| 68. | heray | he lae | forehead | frente | |
| 210. | totoa | ___ | forty | zuarenta (c-) | |
| 183. | aha | ʻehā | four | quatro | |
| 193. | sumamaha | (ʻumi) kumamāhā | fourteen | catorce | |
| 49. | hoavi | hāʻawi_____ | give | dar alguno? | |
| 148. | nonoy | ___ | give | regalar | |
| 19. | maytay | maikaʻi | good | bueno | |
| 56. | hexa | ʻeha | grief | dolor | |
| 130. | heojo | he oho | hair | pelo | |
| 23. | ojo | oho | hairs | cabellos | |
| 73. | ___ | ___ | hanapino (?) | hablar ?contar | |
| 97. | pe…gi | ? peahi ('wave, signal') | hands | manos | |
| 22. | po | poʻo | head | cabeza | |
| 57. | nanuru | nanulu | headache | dolor de cabeza | |
| 25. | mexana | mahana (ʻwarm') | heat | calor | |
| 71. | moa | moa | hen | gallina | |
| 34. | hare | hale | house | casa | |
| 216. | poina | ___ | hundred | ciento | |
| 146. | hettui | he kuʻi (? papa kuʻi) | jaws | quijadar | |
| 99. | peppegi | pepehi ('beat') | kill | matar | |
| 65. | tutue | kukuli | be kneeling (?) | estar arro-dillado | |
| 155. | turituri | kulikuli (foreigner talk?) | knees | rodillas | |
| 149. | ata | ʻaka | laugh | reir | |
| 139. | vavay | wāwae | legs | piernas | |
| 62. | ororo | hoʻolono | listen | escuchar | |
| 103. | nani | nānā | look | mirar | |
| 98. | mumuku | mumuku | maimed | manco | |
| 134. | moena | moena | sleeping mat | petate, o estera [petate] | |
| 135. | pauhege | ___ | dyed mat | petate pintado | |
| 64. | hanihani | aniani | mirror | espejo | |
| 93. | magina | mahina | moon | luna | |
| 94. | matuagine | makuahine | mother | madre | |
| 105. | tuagivi | kuahiwi | mountain | monte | |
| 17. | regerege [regerege lavios] | lehelehe? | mouth | boca | |
| 104. | hupe | hūpē | mucus | mocos | |
| 147. | hotehupe | ___ | remove the mucus | quitarse los mocos | |
| 110. | heroxa | ___ | mute | mudo | |
| 46. | hahi | ʻāʻī | neck | cuello | |
| 5. | xou | ? hao | needle | aguja | |
| 118. | poexe | pō ___ | night | noche | |
| 188. | aeva | ʻeiwa | nine | nueve | |
| 198. | sumamaˆte | (ʻumi kumamāiwa) | nineteen | diez, y nueve | |
| 215. | nayti | ___ | ninety | noventa | |
| 117. | pau | pau | no | no | |
| 114. | heyxu | he ihu | nose | nariz | |
| 6. | abatea | ___ | now | ahora | |
| 92. | maimai | ___ | now, or from here [yet little] | luego, o de aqui aun poco | |
| 180. | atage | ʻekahi | one | uno | |
| 2. | otere | ? __kili | open the door | abrir la puertta | |
| 29. | xoe | hoe | paddle or oar | canalete, o Remo | |
| 151. | peruperu | ___ | paddle, struggle | remar | |
| 127. | tugitugi | ___ | paper, or thin fabric | papel, o ropa delgado de _______ | |
| 79. | tanata | kanaka | person | hombre | |
| 144. | pua | puaʻa | pig | puerco | |
| 115. | punia `head eold' | ___ | punia | nariz embromada | |
| 152. | hatata | hakakā | quarrel | reñir | |
| 150. | heuhina | ___ | quick person | relanpago (?) | |
| 10. | hamiamia | ___ | rainbow | arco-iris | |
| 87. | noxorogu | ___ | raise | levantar_e | |
| 81. | reperepe | ___ | ___ | la_ios | |
| 162. | arapi | alapiʻi | rise | subir | |
| 154. | vaytage | ? wai kahe ('flowing water') | river | rio | |
| 47. | taura | kaula | rope | cuerda | |
| 156. | em…ri | ? he male ('phlegm, mucus') | saliva from lungs or throat' | saliva | |
| 153. | mahona | māʻona | sated | repelto | |
| 167. | hupa | ʻūpā | scissors | tixeras (tijeras) | |
| 4. | hetay | he kai | sea water | agua del mar | |
| 67. | noho | noho | be seated | estar sentado | |
| 20. | himi | ʻimi | seek | buscar | |
| 108. | hititi | ___ | of seven years | de siete años | |
| 186. | ahitu | ʻehiku | seven | siete | |
| 196. | sumamahitu | (ʻumi) kumamāhiku | seventeen | diez, y siete | |
| 213. | anexu | ___ | seventy | setenta | |
| 44. | tuj | kuʻi | sew | coser | |
| 60. | mate | make | sick | enfermo | |
| 30. | hexura | he hula | sing | cantar | |
| 185. | aono | ʻeono | six | seis | |
| 195. | sumamaono | (ʻumi) kumamāono | sixteen | diez, y seis | |
| 212. | pagia | ___ | sixty | sesenta | |
| 39. | enani | he lani | sky | cielo | |
| 58. | moe | moe | sleep | dormir | |
| 77. | matagiogu | ___ | son | hijo | |
| 88. | pugu | ___ | sore | llaga | |
| 72. | orero | ʻōlelo | speak | hablar | |
| 84. | heyge | ? ihe | spear | lanza | |
| 63. | tuja | kuha | spit | escupir | |
| 76. | pirau | pilau | stink | hedor | |
| 138. | puatu | pōhaku | stone | piedra | |
| 66. | tu | kū | be stopping | estar parado | |
| 24. | moe | ___ | street | calle | |
| 163. | xerara | ___ | stutter | tartamudo | |
| 27. | too? | kō | sugarcane | caña dulce | |
| 160. | hera | he lā | sun | sol | |
| 169. | hoavi | hōʻawe ('carry') | take | toma | |
| 74. | nuy nuy orero | nuinui ʻōlelo | talkative | hablador na__zes | |
| 55. | nixo | niho | teeth [tooth] | dientese [diente] | |
| 109. | hitiriti | ___ | of ten and ___ years | de diez, y _eir años | |
| 189. | humi | ʻumi | ten | diez | |
| 83. | xuna | ? huna (ʻhidden') | thief | ladron | |
| 112. | huja | ʻūhā | thighs | muslos | |
| 192. | sumamatoro | (ʻumi) kumamākolu | thirteen | trece | |
| 209. | tanahumi | ___ | thirty | treinta | |
| 78. | axo | aho | thread | hilo | |
| 7. | hinhina | ___ | threaten | amenazar | |
| 182. | atoro | ʻekolu | three | tres | |
| 172. | aetiri | hekili | thunder | trueno | |
| 82. | hauha | ? haehae | to bark | ladrar | |
| 91. | heuha | he ua | to rain [rain] | llover | |
| 53. | ano | ʻānō ('now, present') | today | de hoy | |
| 96. | abobo | ʻapōpō | tomorrow | mañana | |
| 86. | herero | elelo | tongue | lengua | |
| 164. | haruru | ___ | trembling of hands | temblor de manos | |
| 171. | xonu | honu | turtle | tortuga | |
| 191. | sumamarua | (ʻumi) kumamālua | twelve | doce | |
| 199. | sumamahumi | ___ | twenty | viente | |
| 207. | tanarite | ___ | twenty-eight | viente, y ocho | |
| 204. | tanarima | (kanalima '50') | twenty-five | viente, y cinco | |
| 203. | tanaha | (kanahā '40') | twenty-four | viente, y quatro | |
| 208. | tanaiva | (kanaiwa '90') | twenty-nine | viente, y nuebe | |
| 200. | tanat ge | ___ | twenty-one | viente, y uno | |
| 206. | tanaitu | (kanahiku '70') | twenty-seven | viente, y viete | |
| 205. | tanaono | (kanaono '60') | twenty-six | viente, y seis | |
| 202. | tanatoro | (kanakolu '30') | twenty-three | viente, y tres | |
| 201. | tanarua | ___ | twenty-two | viente, y dos | |
| 75. | maxana | māhana | twins | hermano | |
| 181. | arua | ʻelua | two | dos | |
| 1. | pitatano | ___ | under | abajo | |
| 100. | ite | ʻike | understand | me entiender? | |
| 179. | peynua | ___ | vomit | vomitar | |
| 8. | xere | hele | walk | andar | |
| 85. | tata | kaka (ʻrinse, clean') | wash | lavar | |
| 3. | hevay [heway] | he wai | drinking water [water] | agua pana beber | |
| 122. | enanu | he nanu | waves | olas del mar | |
| 90. | heuve (?) | __auē | weep | llorar | |
| 12. | toxora | koholā | whale | ballena | |
| 176. | matani | makani | wind | viento | |
| 111. | guagine | ? kuahine ka wahine | woman | muger (mujer) | |
| 126. | guagie | ___ | wood | palo | |
| 61. | tatau | kākau | write (perhaps paint) [ write] | escribir (quiza pintar) [ escribir] | |
| 166. | ___ | ___ | xanira | tierra uana | |
| 18. | puja | pūhā | yawn | bostezo* | |
| |||||
| 158. | agei | ʻae | yes | si | |
| 54. | hinehiney | i nehinei | yesterday | de ayer | |
REFERENCES
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