updated: 2/27/2026
The earliest Hawaiian word lists
Santeliz es Pablo's List
(1791)
| Three 1791 lists including Hawaiian are attributed to Santeliz es Pablo. We know little about the provenance of these lists except the signature, (Juan Eugenio Santeliz es Pablo), place (Mexico [City]), and date (16 March 1791) at the end of a three-page letter introducing the glossaries. Each list is arranged alphabetically according to the Spanish gloss, and two of them also include Nootka and "Mexican" words. adapted from Albert J. Schütz, "Voices of Eden" p. 37. |
analyzed and annotated by Albert J. Schütz
click on column heading to sort
| num. | list word | modern Hawaiian | list gloss | Castellano | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | pitatano | ___ | under | abajo | |
| 6. | abatea | ___ | now | ahora | |
| 7. | hinhina | ___ | threaten | amenazar | |
| 10. | hamiamia | ___ | rainbow | arco-iris | |
| 11. | pitani__a | ___ | ___ | arribo_ | |
| 14. | aquae | ___ | beard | barba | |
| 15. | hijomay | ___ | ___ | ba_ar | |
| 24. | moe | ___ | street | calle | |
| 28. | roa | ___ | canoe | canoa | |
| 31. | hiri | ___ | captain | capitan | |
| 42. | ite? | ___ | ___ | como se uama esto? | |
| 45. | hoopa | ___ | ___ | cojo (coxo) | |
| 73. | ___ | ___ | hanapino (?) | hablar ?contar | |
| 77. | matagiogu | ___ | son | hijo | |
| 81. | reperepe | ___ | ___ | la_ios | |
| 87. | noxorogu | ___ | raise | levantar_e | |
| 88. | pugu | ___ | sore | llaga | |
| 92. | maimai | ___ | now, or from here [yet little] | luego, o de aqui aun poco | |
| 108. | hititi | ___ | of seven years | de siete años | |
| 109. | hitiriti | ___ | of ten and ___ years | de diez, y _eir años | |
| 110. | heroxa | ___ | mute | mudo | |
| 115. | punia `head eold' | ___ | punia | nariz embromada | |
| 119. | hegiatapu | ___ | red clouds | nubes roxas (rojas) | |
| 126. | guagie | ___ | wood | palo | |
| 127. | tugitugi | ___ | paper, or thin fabric | papel, o ropa delgado de _______ | |
| 128. | manaro | ___ | ask __something | pedir alg__ cosa | |
| 135. | pauhege | ___ | dyed mat | petate pintado | |
| 136. | tu | ___ | ___ | pexcado | |
| 137. | eya | ___ | ___ | pezcado | |
| 140. | taquay | ___ | feet | pies | |
| 145. | humahuma | ___ | breasts | pechos | |
| 147. | hotehupe | ___ | remove the mucus | quitarse los mocos | |
| 148. | nonoy | ___ | give | regalar | |
| 150. | heuhina | ___ | quick person | relanpago (?) | |
| 151. | peruperu | ___ | paddle, struggle | remar | |
| 157. | xo-haru | ___ | ___ | sentarse (?) | |
| 159. | xoe | ___ | ___ | silvar | |
| 161. | xonono | ___ | deaf | sordo | |
| 163. | xerara | ___ | stutter | tartamudo | |
| 164. | haruru | ___ | trembling of hands | temblor de manos | |
| 166. | ___ | ___ | xanira | tierra uana | |
| 168. | hauhaxu | ___ | ___ | tocer | |
| 170. | naya | ___ | tunny, dolphin | tonina | |
| 175. | erapera | ___ | ___ | vete | |
| 179. | peynua | ___ | vomit | vomitar | |
| 199. | sumamahumi | ___ | twenty | viente | |
| 200. | tanat ge | ___ | twenty-one | viente, y uno | |
| 201. | tanarua | ___ | twenty-two | viente, y dos | |
| 207. | tanarite | ___ | twenty-eight | viente, y ocho | |
| 209. | tanahumi | ___ | thirty | treinta | |
| 210. | totoa | ___ | forty | zuarenta (c-) | |
| 211. | patera | ___ | fifty | cincuenta | |
| 212. | pagia | ___ | sixty | sesenta | |
| 213. | anexu | ___ | seventy | setenta | |
| 214. | rau (suavelar) | ___ | eighty | ochenta | |
| 215. | nayti | ___ | ninety | noventa | |
| 216. | poina | ___ | hundred | ciento | |
| 158. | agei | ʻae | yes | si | |
| 70. | heagi | he ahi | fire | fuego | |
| 78. | axo | aho | thread | hilo | |
| 41. | ay | ʻai | eat | comer | |
| 46. | hahi | ʻāʻī | neck | cuello | |
| 149. | ata | ʻaka | laugh | reir | |
| 162. | arapi | alapiʻi | rise | subir | |
| 64. | hanihani | aniani | mirror | espejo | |
| 53. | ano | ʻānō ('now, present') | today | de hoy | |
| 120. | xeau | ? he ao | white clouds | nubes blancas | |
| 96. | abobo | ʻapōpō | tomorrow | mañana | |
| 90. | heuve (?) | __auē | weep | llorar | |
| 187. | arite | ? ʻewlau | eight | ocho | |
| 56. | hexa | ʻeha | grief | dolor | |
| 183. | aha | ʻehā | four | quatro | |
| 186. | ahitu | ʻehiku | seven | siete | |
| 188. | aeva | ʻeiwa | nine | nueve | |
| 180. | atage | ʻekahi | one | uno | |
| 182. | atoro | ʻekolu | three | tres | |
| 86. | herero | elelo | tongue | lengua | |
| 184. | arima | ʻelima | five | cinco | |
| 181. | arua | ʻelua | two | dos | |
| 185. | aono | ʻeono | six | seis | |
| 49. | hoavi | hāʻawi_____ | give | dar alguno? | |
| 82. | hauha | ? haehae | to bark | ladrar | |
| 152. | hatata | hakakā | quarrel | reñir | |
| 34. | hare | hale | house | casa | |
| 5. | xou | ? hao | needle | aguja | |
| 172. | aetiri | hekili | thunder | trueno | |
| 8. | xere | hele | walk | andar | |
| 50. | xomai | hō mai | ___ | da__e | |
| 169. | hoavi | hōʻawe ('carry') | take | toma | |
| 62. | ororo | hoʻolono | listen | escuchar | |
| 29. | xoe | hoe | paddle or oar | canalete, o Remo | |
| 171. | xonu | honu | turtle | tortuga | |
| 104. | hupe | hūpē | mucus | mocos | |
| 30. | hexura | he hula | sing | cantar | |
| 143. | xuxumanu | hulu manu | feather | pluma | |
| 83. | xuna | ? huna (ʻhidden') | thief | ladron | |
| 54. | hinehiney | i nehinei | yesterday | de ayer | |
| 165. | yuta | i uka | earth | tierra | |
| 132. | hirio | ʻīlio | dog | perro | |
| 84. | heyge | ? ihe | spear | lanza | |
| 114. | heyxu | he ihu | nose | nariz | |
| 100. | ite | ʻike | understand | me entiender? | |
| 20. | himi | ʻimi | seek | buscar | |
| 16. | hinu | inu | drink | beber | |
| 142. | eppa | ? ipu | dish | plato | |
| 35. | hipu | ipu (ʻgourd') | box | caja (caxa) | |
| 4. | hetay | he kai | sea water | agua del mar | |
| 85. | tata | kaka (ʻrinse, clean') | wash | lavar | |
| 52. | tataeta (?) | ? kakahiaka (ʻmorning') | day | dia | |
| 61. | tatau | kākau | write (perhaps paint) [ write] | escribir (quiza pintar) [ escribir] | |
| 43. | taray | ? kālai | cut | cortar | |
| 203. | tanaha | (kanahā '40') | twenty-four | viente, y quatro | |
| 206. | tanaitu | (kanahiku '70') | twenty-seven | viente, y viete | |
| 208. | tanaiva | (kanaiwa '90') | twenty-nine | viente, y nuebe | |
| 79. | tanata | kanaka | person | hombre | |
| 202. | tanatoro | (kanakolu '30') | twenty-three | viente, y tres | |
| 204. | tanarima | (kanalima '50') | twenty-five | viente, y cinco | |
| 205. | tanaono | (kanaono '60') | twenty-six | viente, y seis | |
| 47. | taura | kaula | rope | cuerda | |
| 107. | theytyi | ? keiki | boy ____ | muchacho de____ | |
| 2. | otere | ? __kili | open the door | abrir la puertta | |
| 27. | too? | kō | sugarcane | caña dulce | |
| 69. | totoe | koʻekoʻe | cold | frio | |
| 12. | toxora | koholā | whale | ballena | |
| 66. | tu | kū | be stopping | estar parado | |
| 37. | tuemata | kuʻemaka | eyebrows | cejas (cexax) | |
| 44. | tuj | kuʻi | sew | coser | |
| 146. | hettui | he kuʻi (? papa kuʻi) | jaws | quijadar | |
| 111. | guagine | ? kuahine ka wahine | woman | muger (mujer) | |
| 105. | tuagivi | kuahiwi | mountain | monte | |
| 63. | tuja | kuha | spit | escupir | |
| 65. | tutue | kukuli | be kneeling (?) | estar arro-dillado | |
| 155. | turituri | kulikuli (foreigner talk?) | knees | rodillas | |
| 106. | tupapau | kupapaʻu ('corpse') | die | morir | |
| 160. | hera | he lā | sun | sol | |
| 68. | heray | he lae | forehead | frente | |
| 39. | enani | he lani | sky | cielo | |
| 17. | regerege [regerege lavios] | lehelehe? | mouth | boca | |
| 80. | lexu | ? lehu ('ashes') | ___ | inchazon (?) | |
| 133. | digidigi | lihilihi | eyelashes | pestañas | |
| 21. | nimanima | limalima (ʻhandle') | arms | brazos | |
| 59. | roa | loaʻa | find something lost | encontrnar lo perdido | |
| 153. | mahona | māʻona | sated | repelto | |
| 75. | maxana | māhana | twins | hermano | |
| 25. | mexana | mahana (ʻwarm') | heat | calor | |
| 93. | magina | mahina | moon | luna | |
| 141. | maya | maiʻa | bananas | platanos | |
| 178. | mayau | maiʻao | finger-nails | vñas (uñas) | |
| 51. | mayau | maiʻao (ʻfingernail') | fingers | dedos | |
| 19. | maytay | maikaʻi | good | bueno | |
| 176. | matani | makani | wind | viento | |
| 173. | namatexa | ? makapaʻa | blind in one eye | tuerto | |
| 38. | matapo | makapō | blind | ciego | |
| 9. | matau | makau | fishhook | anzuelo | |
| 60. | mate | make | sick | enfermo | |
| 94. | matuagine | makuahine | mother | madre | |
| 124. | matuatana | makuakāne | father | padre | |
| 156. | em…ri | ? he male ('phlegm, mucus') | saliva from lungs or throat' | saliva | |
| 125. | hemanu | he manu | duck | pato | |
| 48. | memere | memele | dance | danzar | |
| 71. | moa | moa | hen | gallina | |
| 58. | moe | moe | sleep | dormir | |
| 134. | moena | moena | sleeping mat | petate, o estera [petate] | |
| 13. | motu | moku | boat | barco | |
| 129. | motumotu | mokumoku | fight with stick [fight] | pelear con palo [pelear] | |
| 98. | mumuku | mumuku | maimed | manco | |
| 103. | nani | nānā | look | mirar | |
| 122. | enanu | he nanu | waves | olas del mar | |
| 57. | nanuru | nanulu | headache | dolor de cabeza | |
| 55. | nixo | niho | teeth [tooth] | dientese [diente] | |
| 40. | niu | niu | coconut | coco | |
| 67. | noho | noho | be seated | estar sentado | |
| 74. | nuy nuy orero | nuinui ʻōlelo | talkative | hablador na__zes | |
| 72. | orero | ʻōlelo | speak | hablar | |
| 121. | honogi | ōnohi | eyes | ojos | |
| 177. | hopu | ʻōpū | belly | vientre | |
| 23. | ojo | oho | hairs | cabellos | |
| 130. | heojo | he oho | hair | pelo | |
| 113. | papatore | pāpākole | buttocks | nalgas | |
| 33. | papanina | papālina | cheeks | carrillos | |
| 101. | papanina | papālina | cheeks | mexillas (mejillas) | |
| 32. | papanina | papālina (ʻcheek') | face | cara | |
| 36. | papani | papani | close | cerrar | |
| 117. | pau | pau | no | no | |
| 89. | peagi | ? peahi ('wave, signal') | call to someone | llamar a alguno | |
| 97. | pe…gi | ? peahi ('wave, signal') | hands | manos | |
| 99. | peppegi | pepehi ('beat') | kill | matar | |
| 123. | popoyau | pepeiao | ears | orejas | |
| 174. | pimay | piʻi mai | come here | ven aca | |
| 76. | pirau | pilau | stink | hedor | |
| 118. | poexe | pō ___ | night | noche | |
| 138. | puatu | pōhaku | stone | piedra | |
| 116. | poxina | pōhina | fog | neblina | |
| 22. | po | poʻo | head | cabeza | |
| 144. | pua | puaʻa | pig | puerco | |
| 18. | puja | pūhā | yawn | bostezo* | |
| |||||
| 95. | punipuni | punipuni ('lie, cheat') | bad | malo | |
| 91. | heuha | he ua | to rain [rain] | llover | |
| 112. | huja | ʻūhā | thighs | muslos | |
| 189. | humi | ʻumi | ten | diez | |
| 193. | sumamaha | (ʻumi) kumamāhā | fourteen | catorce | |
| 196. | sumamahitu | (ʻumi) kumamāhiku | seventeen | diez, y siete | |
| 198. | sumamaˆte | (ʻumi kumamāiwa) | nineteen | diez, y nueve | |
| 190. | sumamat…ge | (ʻumi) kumamākahi | eleven | onze (once) | |
| 192. | sumamatoro | (ʻumi) kumamākolu | thirteen | trece | |
| 194. | sumamarima | (ʻumi) kumamālima | fifteen | quinze (quince) | |
| 191. | sumamarua | (ʻumi) kumamālua | twelve | doce | |
| 195. | sumamaono | (ʻumi) kumamāono | sixteen | diez, y seis | |
| 197. | sumamarite | (ʻumi kumamāwalu) | eighteen | diez, y ocho | |
| 131. | humihumi | ʻumiʻumi | beard-hair | pelo de la barba | |
| 167. | hupa | ʻūpā | scissors | tixeras (tijeras) | |
| 139. | vavay | wāwae | legs | piernas | |
| 26. | aremoe | ? wahi moe | bed | cama | |
| 3. | hevay [heway] | he wai | drinking water [water] | agua pana beber | |
| 154. | vaytage | ? wai kahe ('flowing water') | river | rio | |
| 102. | veriveri | weliweli | fear | miedo | |
REFERENCES
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