updated: 2/27/2026
The earliest Hawaiian word lists
Santeliz es Pablo's List
(1791)
| Three 1791 lists including Hawaiian are attributed to Santeliz es Pablo. We know little about the provenance of these lists except the signature, (Juan Eugenio Santeliz es Pablo), place (Mexico [City]), and date (16 March 1791) at the end of a three-page letter introducing the glossaries. Each list is arranged alphabetically according to the Spanish gloss, and two of them also include Nootka and "Mexican" words. adapted from Albert J. Schütz, "Voices of Eden" p. 37. |
analyzed and annotated by Albert J. Schütz
click on column heading to sort
| num. | list word | modern Hawaiian | list gloss | Castellano | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | pitatano | ___ | under | abajo | |
| 2. | otere | ? __kili | open the door | abrir la puertta | |
| 4. | hetay | he kai | sea water | agua del mar | |
| 3. | hevay [heway] | he wai | drinking water [water] | agua pana beber | |
| 5. | xou | ? hao | needle | aguja | |
| 6. | abatea | ___ | now | ahora | |
| 7. | hinhina | ___ | threaten | amenazar | |
| 8. | xere | hele | walk | andar | |
| 9. | matau | makau | fishhook | anzuelo | |
| 10. | hamiamia | ___ | rainbow | arco-iris | |
| 11. | pitani__a | ___ | ___ | arribo_ | |
| 15. | hijomay | ___ | ___ | ba_ar | |
| 12. | toxora | koholā | whale | ballena | |
| 14. | aquae | ___ | beard | barba | |
| 13. | motu | moku | boat | barco | |
| 16. | hinu | inu | drink | beber | |
| 17. | regerege [regerege lavios] | lehelehe? | mouth | boca | |
| 18. | puja | pūhā | yawn | bostezo* | |
| |||||
| 21. | nimanima | limalima (ʻhandle') | arms | brazos | |
| 19. | maytay | maikaʻi | good | bueno | |
| 20. | himi | ʻimi | seek | buscar | |
| 23. | ojo | oho | hairs | cabellos | |
| 22. | po | poʻo | head | cabeza | |
| 35. | hipu | ipu (ʻgourd') | box | caja (caxa) | |
| 24. | moe | ___ | street | calle | |
| 25. | mexana | mahana (ʻwarm') | heat | calor | |
| 26. | aremoe | ? wahi moe | bed | cama | |
| 27. | too? | kō | sugarcane | caña dulce | |
| 29. | xoe | hoe | paddle or oar | canalete, o Remo | |
| 28. | roa | ___ | canoe | canoa | |
| 30. | hexura | he hula | sing | cantar | |
| 31. | hiri | ___ | captain | capitan | |
| 32. | papanina | papālina (ʻcheek') | face | cara | |
| 33. | papanina | papālina | cheeks | carrillos | |
| 34. | hare | hale | house | casa | |
| 193. | sumamaha | (ʻumi) kumamāhā | fourteen | catorce | |
| 37. | tuemata | kuʻemaka | eyebrows | cejas (cexax) | |
| 36. | papani | papani | close | cerrar | |
| 38. | matapo | makapō | blind | ciego | |
| 39. | enani | he lani | sky | cielo | |
| 216. | poina | ___ | hundred | ciento | |
| 184. | arima | ʻelima | five | cinco | |
| 211. | patera | ___ | fifty | cincuenta | |
| 40. | niu | niu | coconut | coco | |
| 45. | hoopa | ___ | ___ | cojo (coxo) | |
| 41. | ay | ʻai | eat | comer | |
| 42. | ite? | ___ | ___ | como se uama esto? | |
| 43. | taray | ? kālai | cut | cortar | |
| 44. | tuj | kuʻi | sew | coser | |
| 46. | hahi | ʻāʻī | neck | cuello | |
| 47. | taura | kaula | rope | cuerda | |
| 50. | xomai | hō mai | ___ | da__e | |
| 48. | memere | memele | dance | danzar | |
| 49. | hoavi | hāʻawi_____ | give | dar alguno? | |
| 54. | hinehiney | i nehinei | yesterday | de ayer | |
| 109. | hitiriti | ___ | of ten and ___ years | de diez, y _eir años | |
| 53. | ano | ʻānō ('now, present') | today | de hoy | |
| 108. | hititi | ___ | of seven years | de siete años | |
| 51. | mayau | maiʻao (ʻfingernail') | fingers | dedos | |
| 52. | tataeta (?) | ? kakahiaka (ʻmorning') | day | dia | |
| 55. | nixo | niho | teeth [tooth] | dientese [diente] | |
| 189. | humi | ʻumi | ten | diez | |
| 198. | sumamaˆte | (ʻumi kumamāiwa) | nineteen | diez, y nueve | |
| 197. | sumamarite | (ʻumi kumamāwalu) | eighteen | diez, y ocho | |
| 195. | sumamaono | (ʻumi) kumamāono | sixteen | diez, y seis | |
| 196. | sumamahitu | (ʻumi) kumamāhiku | seventeen | diez, y siete | |
| 191. | sumamarua | (ʻumi) kumamālua | twelve | doce | |
| 56. | hexa | ʻeha | grief | dolor | |
| 57. | nanuru | nanulu | headache | dolor de cabeza | |
| 58. | moe | moe | sleep | dormir | |
| 181. | arua | ʻelua | two | dos | |
| 59. | roa | loaʻa | find something lost | encontrnar lo perdido | |
| 60. | mate | make | sick | enfermo | |
| 61. | tatau | kākau | write (perhaps paint) [ write] | escribir (quiza pintar) [ escribir] | |
| 62. | ororo | hoʻolono | listen | escuchar | |
| 63. | tuja | kuha | spit | escupir | |
| 64. | hanihani | aniani | mirror | espejo | |
| 65. | tutue | kukuli | be kneeling (?) | estar arro-dillado | |
| 66. | tu | kū | be stopping | estar parado | |
| 67. | noho | noho | be seated | estar sentado | |
| 68. | heray | he lae | forehead | frente | |
| 69. | totoe | koʻekoʻe | cold | frio | |
| 70. | heagi | he ahi | fire | fuego | |
| 71. | moa | moa | hen | gallina | |
| 74. | nuy nuy orero | nuinui ʻōlelo | talkative | hablador na__zes | |
| 72. | orero | ʻōlelo | speak | hablar | |
| 73. | ___ | ___ | hanapino (?) | hablar ?contar | |
| 76. | pirau | pilau | stink | hedor | |
| 75. | maxana | māhana | twins | hermano | |
| 77. | matagiogu | ___ | son | hijo | |
| 78. | axo | aho | thread | hilo | |
| 79. | tanata | kanaka | person | hombre | |
| 80. | lexu | ? lehu ('ashes') | ___ | inchazon (?) | |
| 81. | reperepe | ___ | ___ | la_ios | |
| 82. | hauha | ? haehae | to bark | ladrar | |
| 83. | xuna | ? huna (ʻhidden') | thief | ladron | |
| 84. | heyge | ? ihe | spear | lanza | |
| 85. | tata | kaka (ʻrinse, clean') | wash | lavar | |
| 86. | herero | elelo | tongue | lengua | |
| 87. | noxorogu | ___ | raise | levantar_e | |
| 88. | pugu | ___ | sore | llaga | |
| 89. | peagi | ? peahi ('wave, signal') | call to someone | llamar a alguno | |
| 90. | heuve (?) | __auē | weep | llorar | |
| 91. | heuha | he ua | to rain [rain] | llover | |
| 92. | maimai | ___ | now, or from here [yet little] | luego, o de aqui aun poco | |
| 93. | magina | mahina | moon | luna | |
| 94. | matuagine | makuahine | mother | madre | |
| 95. | punipuni | punipuni ('lie, cheat') | bad | malo | |
| 96. | abobo | ʻapōpō | tomorrow | mañana | |
| 98. | mumuku | mumuku | maimed | manco | |
| 97. | pe…gi | ? peahi ('wave, signal') | hands | manos | |
| 99. | peppegi | pepehi ('beat') | kill | matar | |
| 100. | ite | ʻike | understand | me entiender? | |
| 101. | papanina | papālina | cheeks | mexillas (mejillas) | |
| 102. | veriveri | weliweli | fear | miedo | |
| 103. | nani | nānā | look | mirar | |
| 104. | hupe | hūpē | mucus | mocos | |
| 105. | tuagivi | kuahiwi | mountain | monte | |
| 106. | tupapau | kupapaʻu ('corpse') | die | morir | |
| 107. | theytyi | ? keiki | boy ____ | muchacho de____ | |
| 110. | heroxa | ___ | mute | mudo | |
| 111. | guagine | ? kuahine ka wahine | woman | muger (mujer) | |
| 112. | huja | ʻūhā | thighs | muslos | |
| 113. | papatore | pāpākole | buttocks | nalgas | |
| 114. | heyxu | he ihu | nose | nariz | |
| 115. | punia `head eold' | ___ | punia | nariz embromada | |
| 116. | poxina | pōhina | fog | neblina | |
| 117. | pau | pau | no | no | |
| 118. | poexe | pō ___ | night | noche | |
| 215. | nayti | ___ | ninety | noventa | |
| 120. | xeau | ? he ao | white clouds | nubes blancas | |
| 119. | hegiatapu | ___ | red clouds | nubes roxas (rojas) | |
| 188. | aeva | ʻeiwa | nine | nueve | |
| 214. | rau (suavelar) | ___ | eighty | ochenta | |
| 187. | arite | ? ʻewlau | eight | ocho | |
| 121. | honogi | ōnohi | eyes | ojos | |
| 122. | enanu | he nanu | waves | olas del mar | |
| 190. | sumamat…ge | (ʻumi) kumamākahi | eleven | onze (once) | |
| 123. | popoyau | pepeiao | ears | orejas | |
| 124. | matuatana | makuakāne | father | padre | |
| 126. | guagie | ___ | wood | palo | |
| 127. | tugitugi | ___ | paper, or thin fabric | papel, o ropa delgado de _______ | |
| 125. | hemanu | he manu | duck | pato | |
| 145. | humahuma | ___ | breasts | pechos | |
| 128. | manaro | ___ | ask __something | pedir alg__ cosa | |
| 129. | motumotu | mokumoku | fight with stick [fight] | pelear con palo [pelear] | |
| 130. | heojo | he oho | hair | pelo | |
| 131. | humihumi | ʻumiʻumi | beard-hair | pelo de la barba | |
| 132. | hirio | ʻīlio | dog | perro | |
| 133. | digidigi | lihilihi | eyelashes | pestañas | |
| 135. | pauhege | ___ | dyed mat | petate pintado | |
| 134. | moena | moena | sleeping mat | petate, o estera [petate] | |
| 136. | tu | ___ | ___ | pexcado | |
| 137. | eya | ___ | ___ | pezcado | |
| 138. | puatu | pōhaku | stone | piedra | |
| 139. | vavay | wāwae | legs | piernas | |
| 140. | taquay | ___ | feet | pies | |
| 141. | maya | maiʻa | bananas | platanos | |
| 142. | eppa | ? ipu | dish | plato | |
| 143. | xuxumanu | hulu manu | feather | pluma | |
| 144. | pua | puaʻa | pig | puerco | |
| 183. | aha | ʻehā | four | quatro | |
| 146. | hettui | he kuʻi (? papa kuʻi) | jaws | quijadar | |
| 194. | sumamarima | (ʻumi) kumamālima | fifteen | quinze (quince) | |
| 147. | hotehupe | ___ | remove the mucus | quitarse los mocos | |
| 148. | nonoy | ___ | give | regalar | |
| 149. | ata | ʻaka | laugh | reir | |
| 150. | heuhina | ___ | quick person | relanpago (?) | |
| 151. | peruperu | ___ | paddle, struggle | remar | |
| 152. | hatata | hakakā | quarrel | reñir | |
| 153. | mahona | māʻona | sated | repelto | |
| 154. | vaytage | ? wai kahe ('flowing water') | river | rio | |
| 155. | turituri | kulikuli (foreigner talk?) | knees | rodillas | |
| 156. | em…ri | ? he male ('phlegm, mucus') | saliva from lungs or throat' | saliva | |
| 185. | aono | ʻeono | six | seis | |
| 157. | xo-haru | ___ | ___ | sentarse (?) | |
| 212. | pagia | ___ | sixty | sesenta | |
| 213. | anexu | ___ | seventy | setenta | |
| 158. | agei | ʻae | yes | si | |
| 186. | ahitu | ʻehiku | seven | siete | |
| 159. | xoe | ___ | ___ | silvar | |
| 160. | hera | he lā | sun | sol | |
| 161. | xonono | ___ | deaf | sordo | |
| 162. | arapi | alapiʻi | rise | subir | |
| 163. | xerara | ___ | stutter | tartamudo | |
| 164. | haruru | ___ | trembling of hands | temblor de manos | |
| 165. | yuta | i uka | earth | tierra | |
| 166. | ___ | ___ | xanira | tierra uana | |
| 167. | hupa | ʻūpā | scissors | tixeras (tijeras) | |
| 168. | hauhaxu | ___ | ___ | tocer | |
| 169. | hoavi | hōʻawe ('carry') | take | toma | |
| 170. | naya | ___ | tunny, dolphin | tonina | |
| 171. | xonu | honu | turtle | tortuga | |
| 192. | sumamatoro | (ʻumi) kumamākolu | thirteen | trece | |
| 209. | tanahumi | ___ | thirty | treinta | |
| 182. | atoro | ʻekolu | three | tres | |
| 172. | aetiri | hekili | thunder | trueno | |
| 173. | namatexa | ? makapaʻa | blind in one eye | tuerto | |
| 180. | atage | ʻekahi | one | uno | |
| 174. | pimay | piʻi mai | come here | ven aca | |
| 175. | erapera | ___ | ___ | vete | |
| 199. | sumamahumi | ___ | twenty | viente | |
| 204. | tanarima | (kanalima '50') | twenty-five | viente, y cinco | |
| 201. | tanarua | ___ | twenty-two | viente, y dos | |
| 208. | tanaiva | (kanaiwa '90') | twenty-nine | viente, y nuebe | |
| 207. | tanarite | ___ | twenty-eight | viente, y ocho | |
| 203. | tanaha | (kanahā '40') | twenty-four | viente, y quatro | |
| 205. | tanaono | (kanaono '60') | twenty-six | viente, y seis | |
| 202. | tanatoro | (kanakolu '30') | twenty-three | viente, y tres | |
| 200. | tanat ge | ___ | twenty-one | viente, y uno | |
| 206. | tanaitu | (kanahiku '70') | twenty-seven | viente, y viete | |
| 176. | matani | makani | wind | viento | |
| 177. | hopu | ʻōpū | belly | vientre | |
| 178. | mayau | maiʻao | finger-nails | vñas (uñas) | |
| 179. | peynua | ___ | vomit | vomitar | |
| 210. | totoa | ___ | forty | zuarenta (c-) | |
REFERENCES
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